Effetti del daidzein sul comportamento mnemonico attraverso le variazioni del sistema neurotensinergico e di fattori infiammatori in aree limbiche di criceti high fat diet
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Fazzari, Gilda
Cerra, Maria Carmela
Canonaco, Marcello
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Dottorato di Ricerca in Scienze della Vita. Ciclo XXX; In the past years, growing indications have pointed to food diets as major factors capable of
conditioning physical-social states in humans as suggested by high-fat containing food sources
which, despite their extremely "tasteful" properties, are responsible for marked morpho-structural
alterations in critical brain areas for the regulation of not only psycho-cognitive behaviors but
above all for nutritional parameters. It is already known that food consumption and action
mechanisms implicated in energetic homeostasis are part of a complex neuronal circuit that when
they are altered tend to account for increased body weight and consequently the development of
obesity, regarded a chronic disease leading to different medical co-morbidities such as cardiovascular
diseases (especially hypertension), dyslipidemia and diabetes type 2. From these effects
plus the avoidance of applying drugs with numerous collateral alterations have directed a greater
attention towards the production of "safer" drugs natural deriving vegetable extracts such as
daidzein (DZ), a glucosidic isoflavone capable of mimicking estrogenic activities at the brain level,
which supplied neuroprotective values against increased body weight, elevated feeding duration
and diminished locomotor activity of high fat diet (HFD) hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). This
isoflavone also reduced anxiety-like behaviors in hyperlipidic animals as indicated by a greater
time spent (p<0.01) in open arms of elevated plus maze (EPM) along with greater exploration
(p<0.001) tendencies toward new objects of the novel object recognition (NOR) test. From a
molecular point of view, DZ greatly protected the brain against neurodegeneration events as
pointed out by few Amino Cupric Silver Stain granules in the hippocampus (HIP), hypothalamus
(HTH) and amygdala (AMY) very likely via a diminished interaction of neurotensin receptor1
(anorexic neuropeptide; NTR1) GABAergic-leptin receptor levels in the latter two areas after the
conditioned place preference (CPP) test. Contextually the recovered cognitive performances
seemed to be tightly linked with reduced NTR1 expression levels in an ERβ manner for HIP after
NOR test. In addition, such effects of DZ also strongly required increased levels of the antineuroinflammatory
cytokine IL-10 that by reducing adenosine 5' monophosphate kinase (AMPK)
and extracellular receptor kinase (ERK) widely improved cognitive together with exploratory
behaviors. Overall, these first results supply important evidences on the neuroprotective values of
DZ, which through NTR1 + IL-10 protective and repairing mechanisms of, aside the above limbic
areas, also appetite-mediated brain centers known for their feeding, cognitive and endocrine
functions, may surely comprise a good start for the introduction of novel therapeutic applications
against obesity conditions.; Università della CalabriaSoggetto
Phytoestrogens; Health aspects; Cancer; Nutritional aspects
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BIO/06;